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copy

Category: algorithms Component type: function

Prototype

template <class InputIterator, class OutputIterator>
OutputIterator copy(InputIterator first, InputIterator last,
                    OutputIterator result);

Description

Copy copies elements from the range [first, last) to the range [result, result + (last - first)). That is, it performs the assignments *result = *first, *(result + 1) = *(first + 1), and so on. [1] Generally, for every integer n from 0 to last - first, copy performs the assignment *(result + n) = *(first + n). Assignments are performed in forward order, i.e. in order of increasing n. [2]

The return value is result + (last - first)

Definition

Defined in the standard header algorithm, and in the nonstandard backward-compatibility header algo.h.

Requirements on types

Preconditions

Complexity

Linear. Exactly last - first assignments are performed.

Example

vector<int> V(5);
iota(V.begin(), V.end(), 1);

list<int> L(V.size());
copy(V.begin(), V.end(), L.begin());
assert(equal(V.begin(), V.end(), L.begin()));

Notes

[1] Note the implications of this. Copy cannot be used to insert elements into an empty Container: it overwrites elements, rather than inserting elements. If you want to insert elements into a Sequence, you can either use its insert member function explicitly, or else you can use copy along with an insert_iterator adaptor.

[2] The order of assignments matters in the case where the input and output ranges overlap: copy may not be used if result is in the range [first, last). That is, it may not be used if the beginning of the output range overlaps with the input range, but it may be used if the end of the output range overlaps with the input range; copy_backward has opposite restrictions. If the two ranges are completely nonoverlapping, of course, then either algorithm may be used. The order of assignments also matters if result is an ostream_iterator, or some other iterator whose semantics depends on the order or assignments.

See also

copy_backward, copy_n
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