?????????Ottoman Empire?1299??1923???????? - ??
...???????????????????????????600?????1299??1922???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????13??????????????????? ......
https://www.zhihu.com/question/651443834
???????????ottoman???????????????? - ??
...49?????????????????????????????????????????????Ottoman Turks?????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????...
https://www.zhihu.com/question/22005399
???????????????? - ??
...??????? ????????? ??? ???? Devlet-i ?Aliyye-i ?Os?m?niyye ????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? Osmanl? ?mparatorlu?u ?? ?? ???? Ottoman Turks ??? Turkish Empire ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????????????????? ??? ......
https://www.zhihu.com/question/21259641
???????????????????? - ??
...??????? Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire????????????????????????????? ???? Living in the Ottoman Realm: Empire and Identity, 13th to 20th Centuries? ??????????????????????????????????????...
https://www.zhihu.com/question/39864968
????????????????? - ??
...The Ottoman state was successful in establishing loyalty structures that the non-Muslim communities?who were hierarchically in the lower strata of the Ottoman society?would adhere to. Kemal Karpat argues that four institutional practices survived the system of allegiance in the empire:...
https://www.zhihu.com/question/366944197
?????????????????????????????????? - ??
...??????????????? ??? The Last Muslim Conquest: The Ottoman Empire and Its Wars in Europe ????????????1699???????????????????????????????????...
https://www.zhihu.com/question/280518621
???????????????? - ??
...???????????????? ????????Holy Roman Empire of The German Nation ?????????Ottoman Empire ????? ???? ??? 12 ???...
https://www.zhihu.com/question/33849931
??????????????????????? - ??
...????????Popular Protest and Political Participation in the Ottoman Empire???????????????????????????????????17???????????????????????????...
https://www.zhihu.com/question/647000544
?????????? - ??
...??????Pachymeres?????????????????Pachymeres??????????????????????Treiyer???The Chronology of Events in the History of Pachymeres related to the battle of Bapheus and the beginning of the Ottoman Empire?????????????? 1.1302?7?27??Atman?'Osm?n?????? ......
https://www.zhihu.com/question/310737991
??????????????????????????????????????????????????? - ??
...????????? ???????????????????????vizir of the Ottoman Empire?????????????????????????? ???? ??? 17 ???...
https://www.zhihu.com/question/624795886